What Is the IPCC

IPCC stands for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It is a group of scientists charged by the United Nations (UN) Environment Programme to assess global climate change. It has for mission to summarize the current science behind climate change, and the potential impacts climate change will have on the environment and people. The IPCC does not do any original research; instead it relies on the work of thousands of scientists. The members of the IPCC review this original research and synthesize the findings. Â   The IPCC offices are in Geneva, Switzerland, in the World Meteorological Organization’s headquarters, but it is an intergovernmental body with membership from UN countries. As of 2014, there are 195 member countries. The organization provides scientific analyses that are meant to assist with policy making, but it does not prescribe any particular policies. Three main working groups operate within the IPCC, each responsible for their own portion of periodic reports: Working Group I (physical science basis of climate change), Working Group II (climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability) and Working Group III (mitigation of climate change). Assessment Reports For each reporting period, the Working Group reports are bound as volumes part of an Assessment Report. The first Assessment Report was released in 1990. There have been reports in 1996, 2001, 2007, and 2014. The 5th Assessment Report was published in multiple phases, starting in September 2013 and ending in October 2014. Assessment Reports present analysis based on the body of published scientific literature about climate changes and their effects. The conclusions of the IPCC are scientifically conservative, putting more weight on findings supported by multiple lines of evidence rather than on the controversial leading edge of research. Findings from the assessment reports are featured prominently during international climate negotiations, including those ahead of the 2015 Paris Climate Change Conference. Since October 2015, the chair of the IPCC is Hoesung Lee. an economist from South Korea. Find highlights from the report’s conclusions about: Observed global warming effects on the oceans. Observed global warming effects on the atmosphere and land surface.Observed global warming effects on the ice.Global warming and large scale climate phenomena. Source International Panel on Climate Change

Discipleship and Marks Gospel Essay examples - 888 Words

Discipleship and Marks Gospel Marks Gospel can tell us the entire truth about discipleship, telling Christians about the faith, responsibility, and sacrifice involved in following Jesus. Some may even say that we glimpse a harsh reality of what it really means to be a true Christian disciple and to have complete faith. Although in saying this, it is important to note that Marks Gospel does also cover the rewards and the actual meaning of discipleship. This is important to include as Marks Gospel was written at a time when Christians endured much persecution. They may have wondered why they should tolerate this treatment without any kind of reward and so Mark included this in his gospel.†¦show more content†¦These were Peter, James and John, who were witnesses to events such as the transfiguration and in the garden of Gethsemane. This friendship with Jesus could also be interpretated as an alliance with God, this alliance of course had to last after the death of Jesus and so still applies to Christians today. Disciples were also expected to learn from Jesus. It is apparent in Marks gospel that Jesus would often criticise the disciples for their inability to understand some of Jesus teachings, but always the disciples would listen to him and eventually, they would understand. This applies to modern Christians in that they should listen to Jesus teachings (in church, the bible etc.) and be willing to understand, accept his judgement and live by his teachings. Faith is of course, a crucial part of discipleship. It is extremely important for a Christian to give themselves in their entirety to God and to Christ and to show total devotion. Mark tells us interestingly however, of a time when Peter shows weakness in faith. When asked after Jesus arrest, Peter completely denies knowing him, as predicted by Jesus. However, after the resurrection, Peter is shown forgiveness- Now go and give this message to his disciples, including Peter. Mark shows us that even during failure as a disciple, you can beShow MoreRelatedDiscipleship in Marks Gospel Essay486 Words   |  2 PagesDiscipleship in Marks Gospel In the world today, discipleship in Mark’s Gospel is being used as a guide to the modern disciple. The disciples in Mark’s Gospel are good role models for Christians today. Disciples were taught to care for one another and always put others before themselves; this is reflected in Christians today. An example of a disciple like this is Bob Geldof who is a good role model who helped raise money by using his talent and the talent of othersRead MoreNature of Discipleship and Studying Marks Gospel Essay2134 Words   |  9 PagesNature of Discipleship and Studying Marks Gospel St Mark, peter interpreter, is trying to send a message to Christians about what being a disciple involves and what it takes to be a disciple i.e. The cost, The Reward and The dependency. These are all the things I will be pointing out in this essay, (especially the nature of discipleship and what Mark tells and about discipleship. Disciple means learner or student. Followers of Jesus are all his disciples because theyRead MoreSt. Marks Gospel and the Nature of Discipleship Essay example1105 Words   |  5 PagesSt. Marks Gospel and the Nature of Discipleship The word disciple is used to describe the very first followers of Jesus. This term is also applied to anyone who calls him or herself a Christian. The word disciple is derived from the Latin-discipulus, meaning pupil or learner. Jesus was not the only person to have disciples there are also references to the disciples of the Pharisees and also John the Baptists disciples. The word is also used to describe the twelve Read MoreThe Nature of Discipleship According to Marks Gospel Essay example1811 Words   |  8 PagesThe Nature of Discipleship According to Marks Gospel Discipleship is usually thought of as following Jesus, being a preacher and a teacher. Somebody who believes in something, or who believes in someone, and leaves everything behind them to try to make others believe the same is my personal belief of a disciple. In actual fact, the Old Testament word Talmid is a learner, and more obviously in the New Testament, a Diskipolos is a follower. The other importantRead More Analysis of Marks Gospel Essay1862 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluential part of the New Testament – Mark’s Gospel. An analysis of Mark and his community will be discussed as well as interpreting Jesus’ teachings and his significant theme of Discipleship as it was then and in present society. A Gospel in general, is a textual document written in narrative form of the good news and teachings proclaimed by Jesus to announce the power of God. Mark’s Gospel is one of four others (Matthew, Luke and John), where each Gospel has its differences in structure, languageRead MoreAnalysis of Marks Gospel1889 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluential part of the New Testament Ââ€" Marks Gospel. An analysis of Mark and his community will be discussed as well as interpreting Jesus teachings and his significant theme of Discipleship as it was then and in present society. A Gospel in general, is a textual document written in narrative form of the good news and teachings proclaimed by Jesus to announce the power of God. Marks Gospel is one of four others (Matthew, Luke and John), where each Gospel has its differences in structure, languageRead MoreWhy Mark 16 : 8?2204 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Church’s history. â€Å"If there is one thing that unites Christians across the globe, even if only loosely, it is the resurrection.† (Smith, 2010) As in the other three gospels, the narrator of Mark begins telling his rendition of the resurrection by recounting the visit by Mary Magdalene and her companions to the tomb of Jesus. Mark’s version of the story, however, differs significantly from Luke’s, Matthew’s, or John’s in one important way: the actual resurrection. Upon arriving, the women find theRead MoreEssay on Discipleship1532 Words   |  7 PagesDiscipleship Before talking about what Jesus says about discipleship it is necessary to explain what a disciple is and then look at what he teaches. A disciple is someone who follows Jesus and spreads the word of God. In Marks Gospel Jesus calls five men to be his disciples this would later grow as twelve disciples. The five men were all fishermen except one who was a tax collector their names were Simon, Andrew, James, John and Levi. These were all ordinary peopleRead MoreThe Meaning of Discipleship Essay2133 Words   |  9 PagesThe Meaning of Discipleship Discipleship revolves around following Jesus both physically and spiritually. Both the first disciples and Christians today are followers of Jesus. A disciple of Jesus would be expected to respond immediately to Jesus, love his neighbour, be willing to forgive sins, show generosity, accept persecution and live their lives using gospel values in everything they do and say. The first disciples of Jesus were expected to give up everythingRead MoreMark s Views On The Gospel Of Mark880 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieved that the Gospel of Mark was written in the time period of 66 through73 CE, sometime during the Jewish Revolt. Mark makes reference to the destruction and rebuilding of the temple in chapter thirteen of his writings. He references other events that happened during the time period of the Jewish revolt later in the same chapter. These events were the fleeing of the people to the mountains and the hardship the admirers of Jesus in Palestine had during the Jewish Revolt. Mark’s proposed audience

Alternative Medicines Final Free Essays

Analyze how western (aliphatic) medicine could benefit from incorporating more eastern (holistic) medicine. Use at least three specific examples. (6 points) Aliphatic medicine could benefit from many of the principles of holistic medicine. We will write a custom essay sample on Alternative Medicines Final or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the eight basic principles of holistic health care is that health requires an Integration of mind, body and spirit. This Idea Is present In meditation and research suggests that those who meditate are healthier. Especially In regard to stress Induced Illnesses. Western medicine could also benefit from the idea that the individual must affirm arsenal responsibility for their own health. Too often in our society people don’t want to change the habits that are making them unhealthy. Another principle that could provide benefit to western medicine is the idea that disease is a process and provides an opportunity for personal growth. Currently western medicine views disease as a negative and focuses on treating symptoms. 2. You are developing a cardiac rehab class for patients after they have heart surgery. You could use Respiratory One Method, Mindfulness Meditation, or Imagery. Explain which one you choose to use and why. 4 points) Studies Indicate that ROOM Is an effective treatment In cardiac disorders, reducing PC’s and Instances of SW, however it does not specify post cardiac surgery results. On the other hand imagery has proved to be helpful pre and post surgery in recovery times. Imagery shows to benefit blowfly, reduce inflammation, reduce anxiety, help with pain and even improve cancer patients outcomes. Based on it’s wide range of benefits, I would utilize Imagery. 3. You want to try an Eastern therapy (Traditional Chinese Medicine, Acupuncture, or Arrived) for your asthma. Choose one and describe your reasoning. (4 points) I would choose Acupuncture based on the research and experiments mentioned in the book. Several different studies by Berger and Fund Indicate † acupuncture superior to sham acupuncture for relieving acute symptoms of despise. † peg 330. In reading throughout the book, I was unable to find any evidence regarding the other treatment options in relation to asthma. Other tests conducted referenced on pages 335-337 indicate improvements in various symptoms regarding asthma. . You are experiencing chronic low back pain. Explain which alternative health practitioner you will volt and detail the reasons why you choose him/her. (4 points) treatment would have been the best treatment option. However, while researching this question I found that progressive relaxation has proven benefit as well as the ability to increase pain tolerance. Acupuncture seems to be the most effective treatment option as there are more studies that support its effectiveness. 5. You have an infection and decide to complement your prescription medicine with aromatherapy. Describe which essential oil you choose, what method of application ND why. (4 points) I would choose Lavender as a topical application to the infected site. â€Å"in 1910 Gatehouse burned himself badly in a laboratory experiment. † He used Lavender as a rinse to treat the gangrene that developed at the burn site. This essential oil stopped the gasification of the tissue. 6. You are experiencing a stressful time in your life. Assess which complementary or alternative health therapies you will incorporate into your schedule to reduce your stress. Evaluate how they will benefit you. Choose at least three. (6 points) Aromatherapy: â€Å"Certain essential oils such as lavender, rose, enroll and vituperating are well known† for the ability to potentially reduce stress. Essential oils have the potential to reduce stress, induce deep relaxation and promote better sleep. Music Therapy: Research indicates that music can affect mood states, decrease pain and increase cognitive function. Music selection must be appropriate to the desired effect. Exercise: Research concluded, † High stress college students who participated in an exercise program reported greater decreases in depression than those who articulated in a relaxation program or no treatment. Another study indicated a high intensity workout program significantly reduced psychological tension. 7. You are choosing an herbal remedy to take for anxiety. Examine which herb you choose and why, including pharmacological properties, action, side effects, and interactions. (4 points) I would choose Kava Kava as it is considered non-addictive anxiety reducing agent comparable to painlessness’s. It has demonstrated effects as a sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant. Kava seems to act on he limbic system, which helps regulate the emotional process in the brain. Side effects include sleepiness and at high doses it can increase RFC, cause blood in the urine, decrease platelet count and cause shortness of breath. Research shows that using kava even after 3 months can result in liver failure and death. So great caution needs to be used in taking this herb. Therapy could assist an athlete’s performance. Pick a sport and be specific. (4 points) Football players face incredible impact on Joints, muscle tissues, tendons and ligaments. It is common for them to receive professional massage to address these damaged and stressed areas. Benefits of massage would affect the circulatory and muscular systems by increasing circulation and enhancing venous return. Statistically significant results in reducing welling has been observed. Football players would also benefit from massage and its effects that it has on the skeletal system. It would increase Joint mobility and flexibility. Massage would also greatly benefit the nervous system in reducing pain response and increasing relaxation. 9. Analyze the legal and ethical issues of implementing Erik energy therapy into the hospital setting. 4 points) The legal issues regarding implementing Erik therapy into hospitals are there are no recognized regulatory or governing board. So the training, education and protocols are inconsistent and hospitals cannot guarantee the quality of treatment or care offered by these professionals. Therefore they can’t ethically recommend these treatments without any standards of care. 10. Because of your family history, you are concerne d about getting cancer. Evaluate hat steps you could change in your environment to decrease your health risk. How to cite Alternative Medicines Final, Papers

Curriculum Development for Masters in Nursing Education

Question: Discuss about curriculum development for masters in nursing education. Answer: Objectives Leadership development in nursing is the procedure that enables a nursing professional to increase his competency and act as a leader. This development should be introduced for the undergraduate nursing students to apply skills, attitudes and knowledge while performing the task and role of a nurse. The main objective of the leadership development is the success of the organization, which will ultimately lead to the improvement of the patient outcomes (Foli et al., 2014). The professional nursing abilities get increased, decision making capacities get enhanced and the interdisciplinary collaboration gets improved for the assessment of the responsibilities and roles of professional nursing (Huber, 2013). Leadership development of nursing also has several other objectives for its implementation. These have been listed below. Critical thinking: Leadership development leads to the improvement of the critical thinking ability of the nurses. Therefore, it is important for the development of new leaders in the profession. Communication: Effective communication leads to better organizing abilities. Hence, it is necessary for the nursing leaders to have good communication skills. Resource management and nursing technology: The objective of nursing leadership development is the implementation of novel technologies and management of the available resources (Yoder-Wise, 2014). Therefore, development of nursing leadership is very important regarding proper patient care delivery. Assessment: Nursing leadership enables the professionals to conduct proper and suitable assessment of the situations and it becomes very important in case of emergencies. Nursing leaders handle the situation with proper experience and expertise for better patient handling. Disease prevention, risk reduction and health promotion: Nursing leaders can effectively organize the healthcare delivery system and implement novel technologies for patient care. These will lead towards health promotion of the patients by reducing the risk of diseases and thereby preventing diseases. Disease and illness management: Proper leadership of the nursing professionals will lead to the better management of the illness and diseases. The patients will be provided with better health outcomes with efficient nursing leaders. Healthcare technologies and information: Better technologies in healthcare can be implemented only if the nursing leader has the view for better patient compliance. Therefore, it is very crucial for the nursing leader to have enough information for the recent developments in nursing. Ethics: The ethical factors of the profession of nursing can be well maintained by a well-knowledge leader. So the leadership development becomes important when it comes to ethical delivery of patient care in nursing. Human diversity: The nursing professionals have to go through diverse populations of patients. Nursing leadership comes to play when these patients of different backgrounds need to be attended with care as per their preferences and cultures (McCormack, Manley Titchen, 2013). Global healthcare: The profession of nursing is growing and so efficient nursing leaders will be required to have effective vision for global patient care. Coordinator, designer and manager of care: Nursing is among the basic profession of healthcare. So the leadership development of nursing will be required for effective coordination of the team work, designing of the patient care services and managing the patient care for ultimate care delivery and maintaining the goodwill of the profession. Content Outline The content outline for leadership development in nursing for the undergraduate programs should include topics, which are essential for the professional growth of the future nurses. The topics should be arranged in such a way that they cover almost all the situations in the nursing profession, where leadership is required (Titzer, Shirey Hauck, 2014). Some of the contents have been discussed below. Leadership theories: Leadership theories enable the nurses with the opportunity for the application of the skills in various situations of patient care through critical reflection, understanding of the process and proper evaluation. These theories are required for the future development of the practice. Since the nurses play an important role in the various settings of healthcare like outpatient activity, polyclinics, surgical communities, etc. so the application of the leadership theories will be required for the development of the services and take them forward (Scott Miles, 2013). Leadership qualities and characteristics: Leaders have the characteristics and qualities to direct, dictate and delegate. Nursing leaders act in a team with other professionals and help each other achieve the highest levels of their services (Hunter, Mc Gonigle Hebda, 2013). To develop competent and professional leaders in the nursing profession, the content should have the option for the development of the leadership qualities and characteristics of the nursing students. This can be achieved through various advocacy and educational activities. Vision and values of leadership: The content should enable the students to develop the vision and values of nursing leadership. The vision of a nursing leader should have the primary objective of providing the care to the patients, which is of the highest level. The leader should have the vision to handle only one patient at a given time with great attention on the quality of care delivered. The leaders should have the basic qualities of serving the patients with dedication and compassion for improvement of the literacy and awareness of health among the patients. The leadership development program should also have the content of developing the core values among the leaders. These values include patient care to promote the healing, hope and health and integrity, to respect the morality and dignity of the different patients. Diversity based on differences and uniqueness should be equally observed and treated and excellence implementing and co-creating the strategies of transformation. Leadership styles: The students should be made aware of the styles of leadership that can be implemented in the profession of nursing. This is possible only when they are included in the content of the nursing curriculum for the leadership development. The various styles of leadership begin with the servant leadership, where the leader assures the addressing of the needs of his team members regarding various issues of patient care. The transformational leadership includes the motivation of the team members and building up of relationships by sharing his mission and vision in the profession of nursing. The autocratic leadership includes the decision making of the leader without consulting his team members and this is mainly implemented in case of punishment and negative reinforcements (Zwink et al., 2013). Decision-making and problem solving: Decision-making and problem solving abilities are the core competencies of the leaders in the nursing profession. So the content of the curriculum should contain these factors to develop the future leaders. The leaders need to make good decisions in case of tough situations by their conceptual skills. Problem solving abilities are important for patient safety and care. Interdisciplinary issues have to be handled efficiently along with the issues of patient treatment. Future Curriculum Development The future of the curriculum development in nursing education should have the objective that the nurses should be provided with the highest level of training and education through an advanced educational system that provides ample opportunities for academic progression. The healthcare sector is undergoing major changes and therefore, the practice environments are changing. To keep pace, the nursing education system should also undergo profound changes (Sherman et al., 2013). These changes should be applied to the theoretical as well as practical levels of their education. Nurses should be provided with the better and proper understanding of the healthcare management, change management at the systems level and methods of quality improvement. The roles of the nurses have to be reconceptualized in a system of reformed healthcare. The nursing education should enable the students with lifelong learning opportunities and make them prepared for higher education. Relevant care based on culture is a future trend in nursing education. For meeting the health needs of the patients in future and to provide them with relevant care based on their cultures, the nursing education should incorporate the care diversity. The need can be met by increasing the student body diversity. All levels of nursing education have to be addressed with this need. The nurses should also possess competencies in various areas of healthcare, rather than focusing on general healthcare. These areas include public health, leadership, community care, health policy, research and evidence-based practice. Also, more and more students should be encouraged and facilitated to undertake the doctoral program to meet the shortage of research and faculty programs (Grossman Valiga, 2012). The licensing, certifying and accrediting should be made mandatory by the respective organizations for the demonstration of the core competencies and skills on the completion of the nursing education. The bodies of nursing bodies should be made more diverse to overcome the underrepresentation of the ethnic and racial groups who are in minority (Brown, Crookes Dewing, 2016). Another change that can be implemented in nursing education in future is that the students should be provided education along with the physicians and other professionals involved in healthcare. This education should be facilitated throughout their professional careers. The most revolutionary inclusion in the future curriculum of nursing is the eHealth or electronic health technologies. For the application of this technology, skilled nursing professionals have to be developed who can implement this technology in patient care (Higuchi, Wen Masaki, 2013). They should be trained with the subjects of informatics and eHealth to increase the interdisciplinary collaboration, education of information literacy and technologies, which are client centered. References Brown, A., Crookes, P., Dewing, J. (2016). Clinical leadership development in a pre-registration nursing curriculum: What the profession has to say about it.Nurse education today,36, 105-111. Foli, K. J., Braswell, M., Kirkpatrick, J., Lim, E. (2014). Development of leadership behaviors in undergraduate nursing students: A service-learning approach.Nursing education perspectives,35(2), 76-82. Grossman, S. C., Valiga, T. M. (2012).The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing. FA Davis. Higuchi, M., Wen, A., Masaki, K. (2013). Developing future nursing home medical directors: A curriculum for geriatric medicine fellows.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,14(3), 157-160. Huber, D. (2013).Leadership and nursing care management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hunter, K., McGonigle, D., Hebda, T. (2013). The integration of informatics content in baccalaureate and graduate nursing education: a status report.Nurse educator,38(3), 110-113. McCormack, B., Manley, K., Titchen, A. (Eds.). (2013).Practice development in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley Sons. Scott, E. S., Miles, J. (2013). Advancing leadership capacity in nursing.Nursing administration quarterly,37(1), 77-82. Sherman, R., Dyess, S., Hannah, E., Prestia, A. (2013). Succession planning for the future through an academic-practice partnership: a nursing administration master's program for emerging nurse leaders.Nursing administration quarterly,37(1), 18-27. Titzer, J. L., Shirey, M. R., Hauck, S. (2014). A nurse manager succession planning model with associated empirical outcomes.Journal of Nursing Administration,44(1), 37-46. Yoder-Wise, P. S. (2014).Leading and managing in nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Zwink, J. E., Dzialo, M., Fink, R. M., Oman, K. S., Shiskowsky, K., Waite, K., ... Le-Lazar, J. T. (2013). Nurse manager perceptions of role satisfaction and retention at an academic medical center.Journal of Nursing Administration,43(3), 135-141.